They have to adapt to the external changes like humidity, salinity, or temperature. Plants are constantly exposed to stress resulting from the conditions in which they are growing. The key advantage of lipid research was the conclusion that lipids could serve as the markers of plant physiological condition and the detailed knowledge on lipids chemistry will allow to modify their composition for industrial needs. High level of lipids remodeling in the plant membranes under different environmental conditions, e.g., nutrient deficiency, temperature stress, salinity or drought was proved. Moreover, in order to better understand the biomembranes remodeling, the model (artificial) membranes, mimicking the naturally occurring membranes are employed and the survey on their composition and application in different kind of research was performed.
The involvement of lipids in xantophyll cycle and glycerolipids synthesis (as the most abundant of all lipid classes) were also discussed. Then, classification, composition, role, and organization of lipids were displayed. Classification, nomenclature, and abundance of fatty acids was discussed. Together, these results indicated that an OPL-supplemented diet improved lipid metabolism and gut bacteria, reducing the level of pro-inflammation cytokines.The paper focuses on the selected plant lipid issues. Correlation analysis further showed that there was a strong relationship among gut bacteria, lipidomes profile and nutritional outcomes. In gut, intestinal probiotics, including Parabacteroides, Alistipes, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella and Parasutterrlla, were enriched in HOPL-fed group. Lipidomics results showed that HOPL feeding elevated the level of anti-inflammatory lipids, such as serum BisMePA, LPC, MePC, PC, PE and liver Cer, LPC, PC and Ether TG, and reduced the level of oxidized and sterol lipids, including serum ChE, ZyE, and liver OxTG, HexCer 18:1 2O/22:0. Dietary HOPL decreased body weight, weight gain, liver TG, TC and LDL-C, and TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 of mice.
Hence, the present study investigated the effects of low level OPL (HOPL) and high level OPL feeding (HOPL) diet on mice’s nutritional outcomes, including liver lipid profile, inflammation, lipidomes in liver and serum, and gut bacterial community. However, there were few studies to reveal the nutritional outcomes of OPL. Mounting evidence showed that 1, 3-dioleate-2-palmitate glycerol (OPO) was the most important sn-2 palmitate in foreign human milk fat, while 1-oleate-2-palmitate-3-linoleate glycerol dominated the Chinese human milk fat (OPL).
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